This analysis documents the financial costs and budgetary needs for implementing mass media components of large-scale breastfeeding programs, providing annual costs, cost structures, and coverage achieved through mass media interventions in four low- and middle-income countries.

A breastfeeding promotion intervention in private facilities in Lagos, which included training for healthcare providers, increased the percentage of exclusively breastfed infants but had no impact on early initiation of breastfeeding.

Data from three impact evaluations of large-scale social and behavior change communication (SBCC) interventions in Bangladesh, Vietnam and Ethiopia were used to examine whether early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) and non-prelacteal feeding are associated with increased prevalence of exclusiv

Data from the 2005 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) and the 2007 Zambia Demographic Health Survey (ZDHS) were analyzed to examine the association between recommended IYCF indicators and nutritional status among children 0-23 months of age in Ethiopia and Zambia.

Analysis of program fidelity, defined by adherence to intervention design, exposure, quality of delivery, and participant responsiveness, was examined in an IYCF program in Ethiopia.

This article demonstrates that exposure to interventions matters for impact, but the combination of behavior change interventions and number of interpersonal counseling contacts required to support behavior change in infant and young child feeding are context-specific.